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PLANT DENSITY, IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN MANAGEMENT: THREE MAJOR PRACTICES IN CLOSING YIELD GAPS FOR AGRICULTURAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020355

摘要：

Agriculture faces the dual challenges of food security and environmental sustainability. Here, we investigate current maize production at the field scale, analyze the yield gaps and impacting factors, and recommend measures for sustainably closing yield gaps. An experiment was conducted on a 3.9-ha maize seed production field in arid north-western China, managed with border and drip irrigation, respectively, in 2015 and 2016. The relative yield reached 70% in both years. However, drip irrigation saved 227 mm irrigation water during a drier growing season compared with traditional border irrigation, accounting for 44% of the maize evapotranspiration (ET). Yield variability under drip irrigation was 12.1%, lower than the 18.8% under border irrigation. Boundary line analysis indicates that a relative yield increase of 8% to 10% might be obtained by optimizing the yield-limiting factors. Plant density and soil available water content and available nitrogen were the three major factors involved. In conclusion, closing yield gaps with agricultural sustainability may be realized by optimizing agronomic, irrigation and fertilizer management, using water-saving irrigation methods and using site-specific management.

 

关键词： boundary line analysis     irrigation method     precision agriculture     spatial variability     yield gaps     yield-limiting factors    

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PLANT DENSITY, IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN MANAGEMENT: THREE MAJOR PRACTICES IN CLOSING YIELD GAPS FOR AGRICULTURAL

Xiuwei GUO, Manoj Kumar SHUKLA, Di WU, Shichao CHEN, Donghao LI, Taisheng DU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 525-544 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020355

摘要： Agriculture faces the dual challenges of food security and environmental sustainability. Here, we investigate current maize production at the field scale, analyze the yield gaps and impacting factors, and recommend measures for sustainably closing yield gaps. An experiment was conducted on a 3.9-ha maize seed production field in arid north-west China, managed with border and drip irrigation, respectively, in 2015 and 2016. The relative yield reached 70% in both years. However, drip irrigation saved 227 mm irrigation water during a drier growing season compared with traditional border irrigation, accounting for 44% of the maize evapotranspiration (ET). Yield variability under drip irrigation was 12.1%, lower than the 18.8% under border irrigation. Boundary line analysis indicates that a relative yield increase of 8% to 10% might be obtained by optimizing the yield-limiting factors. Plant density and soil available water content and available nitrogen were the three major factors involved. In conclusion, closing yield gaps with agricultural sustainability may be realized by optimizing agronomic, irrigation and fertilizer management, using water-saving irrigation methods and using site-specific management.

关键词： boundary line analysis     irrigation method     precision agriculture     spatial variability     yield gaps     yield-limiting factors    

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Generic and SME-specific factors that influence the BIM adoption process: an overview that highlights gaps

Elodie HOCHSCHEID, Gilles HALIN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第1期   页码 119-130 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0043-2

摘要： Building information modeling/management (BIM) is an emerging technological and procedural shift in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation industry. In this study, we use an extensive state-of-the-art method to clarify the BIM adoption process and the factors that can influence the success or failure of BIM adoption, particularly during the implementation stage, which are not frequently found in the literature. As an innovation, the lexical field allocated to the spread of innovations is assigned to BIM (diffusion, adoption, and implementation). After recalling the definition of relevant terms and then removing the resulting inconsistencies in vocabularies, we investigate various studies to identify factors that influence BIM adoption and then unify all these studies in one coherent and consistent BIM adoption process model. We focus on factors that play a role in the adoption of BIM in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) because SMEs constitute the majority of companies in the construction sector. This research highlights and intends to fill in some gaps found in the current BIM adoption literature.

关键词： BIM     adoption     diffusion     implementation     change management     SMEs     literature review     architecture firms    

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Existence of complete band gaps in 2D steel-water phononic crystal with square lattice

Cunfu HE, Huanyu ZHAO, Ruiju WEI, Bin WU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第5卷 第4期   页码 450-454 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0105-y

摘要： This paper theoretically and experimentally studies the existence of complete band gaps in two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal consisting of parallel steel rods in water with square lattice. The band structure of phononic crystal is calculated by a plane wave expansion (PWE) method. Based on the well-known ultrasonic immersion transmission technique, the overlapping transmission spectra of acoustic waves, a complete band gap, is experimentally measured along the two high-symmetry directions of the first irreducible Brillouin zone. There is a very good agreement between the experimental result and the range of frequencies of the complete band gap.

关键词： phononic crystal     plane wave expansion (PWE) method     experimental study    

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Catalytic reduction of water pollutants: knowledge gaps, lessons learned, and new opportunities

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1626-z

摘要：

● Advances, challenges, and opportunities for catalytic water pollutant reduction.

关键词： Molybdenum     Rhenium     Rhodium     Ruthenium     Catalyst Support     Bromate    

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Renewable energy resources, policies and gaps in BRICS countries and the global impact

Lakshmi PATHAK, Kavita SHAH

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 506-521 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0601-z

摘要： This paper presents comparative yet extensive analysis of existing non-conventional renewable resources, energy policies and gaps in BRICS countries. An intelligent transformation to green economy to maintain natural resources is noted. Brazil has stable energy policies and is the leading producer of biofuels following hydropower until 2014 but supported wind and solar power development by tendering specific tariffs for energy generation from solar and wind. Russia needs improvement in its legal and regulatory framework with more incentives in energy policies. China is improving upon wind and hydropower but it needs strong policy measures to put cap on increased CO emissions. India needs revision in energy policy and requires extra incentives and consumer specific energy policies for research-infrastructure and energy generation technologies. South Africa requires lessons to increase renewable energy and reduce coal mining. Moreover, BRICS countries need to redefine their energy policies based upon their existing geographical, economical, societal and environmental conditions which will help in shaping global energy policies and more financial stability. This paper recognizes the potential of BRICS to reshape the global system paralleled with minimizing CO emissions. The concerted role of BRICS needs to be recognized as the leading contributor of global renewable capacity where the developed world is geared and busy to address the environmental issues.

关键词： BRICS     CO2 emissions     energy     policies     renewable    

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Cancer and the environment: Filling knowledge gaps together

Linda S. BIRNBAUM PhD, DABT, ATS,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 131-133 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0044-3

摘要： When considering disease etiology, we need to view the role of the environment along the continuum from health to disease for individuals because we know that there are complex interactions between genes, their molecular expression, and environmental factors over a person’s lifetime. We clearly have huge gaps in our knowledge along this continuum, and these gaps are natural opportunities for research. There are many factors to consider as we assess the relationship between environmental exposures over a lifetime. One factor is persistence of chemicals that “live” beyond their initial intended use. Another factor is the fact that “inert ingredients” are not really inert. “Low dose” is also another consideration. We need to understand the biological effect of low dose exposure and we should clearly define what they mean by low dose research. For example, are we measuring the administered dose, or the internal/circulating dose? There are new types of toxicity as well. For example, endocrine disruptors and engineered nanomaterials are significant classes of materials deserving significant research. Timing of exposure is a significant feature in characterizing toxicity. Environmental exposures can have a greater impact in early or later life-stages. Finally, mixtures of chemicals are an important consideration. Humans are always exposed to multiple chemicals. In short, we must remember that there is no such thing as “not exposed.” Everyone has been exposed to many and various environmental agents.

关键词： environment     genes     environmental exposure     environmental agent     persistence     chemicals     inert ingredients     low dose    

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Application of Fe(VI) in abating contaminants in water: State of art and knowledge gaps

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1373-3

摘要：

• The properties of Fe(VI) were summarized.

关键词： Ferrate     Oxidation     Disinfection     Coagulation     Enhancement    

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The effect of conservation tillage on crop yield in China

Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Huanwen GAO,Ying CHEN,Zhiqiang ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 179-185 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015058

摘要： Traditional agricultural practices have resulted in decreased soil fertility, shortage of water resources and deterioration of agricultural ecological environment, which are seriously affecting grain production. Conservation tillage (CT) research has been developed and applied in China since the 1960s and 1970s, and a series of development policies have been issued by the Chinese government. Recent research and application have shown that CT has positive effects on crop yields in China. According to the data from the Conservation Tillage Research Center (CTRC), Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), the mean crop yield increase can be at least 4% in double cropping systems in the North China Plain and 6% in single cropping systems in the dryland areas of North-east and North-west China. Crop yield increase was particularly significant in dryland areas and drought years. The mechanism for the yield increase in CT system can be attributed to enhanced soil water content and improved soil properties. Development strategies have been implemented to accelerate the adoption of CT in China.

关键词： conservation tillage     crop yield     soil structure     development strategies    

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Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

Shihua CHENG,Xiaodeng ZHAN,Liyong CAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第4期   页码 277-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015081

摘要： Super hybrid rice breeding is a new breeding method combining semi-dwarf breeding and heterosis breeding using germplasm and gene-environment interactions. This paper reviews the breeding strategies of super hybrid rice breeding in China, focusing on the utilization of heterosis of indica and japonica subspecies, construction of ideal plant architecture and pyramiding of disease resistant genes in restorer lines. To develop super hybrid rice, considerable effort should be made to explore genes related with high yield, good quality, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to stresses. Molecular breeding methods in combination with crossing techniques should be adopted in super hybrid rice breeding.

关键词： super hybrid rice     breeding strategies     yield potential    

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Highlight yield forming and innovative technologies in tropical crops

Wenquan WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 283-284 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016128

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YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ALMOND, PEACH AND PLUM UNDER REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 583-593 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2020325

摘要：

The effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the performance of almond cv. Tuono, peach cv. JH-Hall and plum cv. Stanley were assessed on the Saiss Plain (NW, Morocco) over three consecutive growing seasons (2011–2013). Irrigation treatments consisted of a control, irrigation applied to fully satisfy crop water requirements (100% ETC), and two RDI treatments, irrigation applied to 75% ETC (RDI-75) and 50% ETC (RDI-50). These three treatments were applied during fruit-growth slowdown periods corresponding to Stages II and III in almond and Stage II in peach and plum. Yield and fruit quality traits were determined. The effect of RDI differed between species. Yield and fruit size were reduced significantly only in peach under RDI-50. Fruit quality improved in this species in the first year of the experiment, with an increase of sugar/acid ratio and polyphenol content. Plum quality also improved but the effects were significant only in the second and third years. Similar results were recorded in almond kernel, but their epidermal grooves were deeper under RDI-50, and this may have affected their commercial value. It is concluded that water can be saved during the fruit-growth slowdown period by up to 25% in peach and 50% in almond and plum with improvements in fruit quality without affecting total yield.

 

关键词： fruit quality / fruit yield / Prunus domestica / Prunus dulcis / Prunus persica / regulated deficit irrigation    

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Estimating the effect of urease inhibitor on rice yield based on NDVI at key growth stages

Kailou LIU,Yazhen LI,Huiwen HU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 150-157 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014028

摘要： The effect of the urease inhibitor, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) at a range of application rates on rice production was examined in a field experiment at Jinxian County, Jiangxi Province, China. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was measured at key growth stages in both early and late rice. The results showed that the grain yield increased significantly when urea was applied with NBPT, with the highest yield observed at 1.00% NBPT (wt/wt). NDVI differed with the growth stage of rice; it remained steady from the heading to the filling stage. Rice yield could be predicted from the NDVI taken at key rice growing stages, with ranging from 0.34 to 0.69 in early rice and 0.49 to 0.70 in late rice. The validation test showed that RMSE (t·hm ) values were 0.77 and 0.87 in early and late rice, respectively. Therefore, it was feasible to estimate rice yield for different amounts of urease inhibitor using NDVI.

关键词： normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)     N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT)     rice     grain yield    

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Lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat: effect of planting density and genotype

Yonggui XIAO,Jianjun LIU,Haosheng LI,Xinyou CAO,Xianchun XIA,Zhonghu HE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 168-178 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015061

摘要： Improved lodging resistance is important for achieving high yield in irrigated environments. This study was conducted to determine genotypic variation in lodging resistance and related morphological traits among winter wheat cultivars planted at two densities, and to identify key traits associated with lodging resistance. Lodging performance of 28 genotypes, including 24 released cultivars and four advanced lines, was evaluated at 250 plants per square meter and 500 plants per square meter in Shandong province during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 crop seasons. At the higher density, the average grain yield was 2.6% higher, even though lodging score rose by as much as 136%. The higher planting density increased lodging through increased leaf area index (LAI), plant height, center of gravity and length of basal internodes, and reduced grain weight per spike and diameter of the lower two stem internodes. LAI, center of gravity and diameter of first internodes, as the important indicators for lodging resistance, were significantly correlated with lodging score, with = 0.62, 0.59 and −0.52 ( <0.01), respectively. Plant pushing resistance was significantly associated with diameter and length of the first internodes ( = 0.71–0.77, <0.01), indicating it could be used to assess the strength of the lower stem. Higher planting density could be used to select genotypes with lodging resistance in irrigated environments. Cultivars carrying high plant density tolerance and high yield potential, such as Jimai 22 and Liangxing 66, were recommended as leading cultivars for production as well as elite crossing parents for further increasing yield potential in the Yellow and Huai Valleys Winter Wheat Zone in China.

关键词： common wheat     yield potential     lodging performance     pushing resistance     leaf area index    

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Relationship between the number of tapping-induced secondary laticifer lines and rubber yield among

Yueyi CHEN,Xinsheng GAO,Xiaofei ZHANG,Weimin TIAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 363-367 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016122

摘要： The lack of suitable early selection parameters means that traditional rubber breeding for yield is time-consuming and inefficient. Laticifer is a tissue specific for natural rubber biosynthesis and storage in rubber tree. The number of the secondary laticifers in the trunk bark tissues is positively correlated with rubber yield in the matured rubber trees that are regularly tapped. In the present study, the rubber yield from 280 of 4–5 year-old virgin trees from 7 cross combinations was compared with the number of newly differentiated secondary laticifers caused by tapping. Results showed that the number of tapping-induced lines of secondary laticifers varied in different germplasm and was positively related to the rubber yield, indicating this could be used as a suitable parameter for early evaluation of yield potential of rubber trees.

关键词： Hevea brasiliensis     rubber yield breeding     early evaluation     tapping     secondary laticifer differentiation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

PLANT DENSITY, IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN MANAGEMENT: THREE MAJOR PRACTICES IN CLOSING YIELD GAPS FOR AGRICULTURAL

期刊论文

PLANT DENSITY, IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN MANAGEMENT: THREE MAJOR PRACTICES IN CLOSING YIELD GAPS FOR AGRICULTURAL

Xiuwei GUO, Manoj Kumar SHUKLA, Di WU, Shichao CHEN, Donghao LI, Taisheng DU

期刊论文

Generic and SME-specific factors that influence the BIM adoption process: an overview that highlights gaps

Elodie HOCHSCHEID, Gilles HALIN

期刊论文

Existence of complete band gaps in 2D steel-water phononic crystal with square lattice

Cunfu HE, Huanyu ZHAO, Ruiju WEI, Bin WU

期刊论文

Catalytic reduction of water pollutants: knowledge gaps, lessons learned, and new opportunities

期刊论文

Renewable energy resources, policies and gaps in BRICS countries and the global impact

Lakshmi PATHAK, Kavita SHAH

期刊论文

Cancer and the environment: Filling knowledge gaps together

Linda S. BIRNBAUM PhD, DABT, ATS,

期刊论文

Application of Fe(VI) in abating contaminants in water: State of art and knowledge gaps

期刊论文

The effect of conservation tillage on crop yield in China

Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Huanwen GAO,Ying CHEN,Zhiqiang ZHANG

期刊论文

Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

Shihua CHENG,Xiaodeng ZHAN,Liyong CAO

期刊论文

Highlight yield forming and innovative technologies in tropical crops

Wenquan WANG

期刊论文

YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ALMOND, PEACH AND PLUM UNDER REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION

期刊论文

Estimating the effect of urease inhibitor on rice yield based on NDVI at key growth stages

Kailou LIU,Yazhen LI,Huiwen HU

期刊论文

Lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat: effect of planting density and genotype

Yonggui XIAO,Jianjun LIU,Haosheng LI,Xinyou CAO,Xianchun XIA,Zhonghu HE

期刊论文

Relationship between the number of tapping-induced secondary laticifer lines and rubber yield among

Yueyi CHEN,Xinsheng GAO,Xiaofei ZHANG,Weimin TIAN

期刊论文